Six ways to control high blood pressure and manage hypertension

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From Capital Journal by Capital Blue Cross

Managing your high blood pressure should be a no-brainer. In addition to lowering the risk of developing heart disease or stroke, there is mounting evidence that maintaining healthy blood pressure can also benefit your brain.

Sustained high blood pressure is called hypertension, which is measured using the chart below. Nearly half of all U.S. adults have high blood pressure; but only about 1 in 4 adults have it under control, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).

What is considered high blood pressure?

Blood pressure category Systolic mm Hg (upper number) Diastolic mm Hg and/or (lower number)
Normal Less than 120 and less than 80
Elevated 120-129 and less than 80
High blood pressure (Hypertension, Stage 1) 130-139 or 80-89
High blood pressure (Hypertension, Stage 2) 140 or higher or 90 or higher
Hypertension crisis (see your doctor immediately) 180 or higher and/or higher than 120

Source: American Heart Association

Dr. Jeremy Wigginton, Chief Medical Officer at Capital Blue Cross, said it is important that you get a blood pressure reading at your doctor’s office once per year, especially as you age.

“There are no symptoms of hypertension, and it can have serious impacts on your heart, brain, kidney, and even your vision,” Dr. Wigginton said. “Knowing your blood pressure and working with your doctor to lower it when your blood pressure becomes too high can have a dramatic effect on your health.”

What can you do about hypertension?

Here are six ways to lower your blood pressure and prevent or manage hypertension:

#1: Stay at a healthy weight

If you are overweight, losing as little as 10 pounds may lower your blood pressure, Dr. Wigginton said.

Aim for moderate activity, such as walking in your neighborhood, for at least 150 minutes per week. This can be done with just two 15-minute walks a day for five days, or one 30-minute walk a day on weekdays. Or do vigorous activity for at least 75 minutes per week.

#2: Limit salt intake

Too much sodium in your system causes the body to retain water, which puts an extra burden on your heart and blood vessels, according to the American Heart Association.

Try to limit the amount of sodium you eat to less than 2,300 milligrams (mg) per day. If your blood pressure is especially high, your doctor may ask you to eat less than 1,500 mg a day.

#3: Improve your sleep

A study of 12,000 adults found that people who reported having trouble sleeping and those with a sleep disorder, such as sleep apnea, were also at higher risk for hypertension.

“A regular lack of sleep may lead to high blood pressure,” said Dr. Francisco Lopez-Jimenez, a cardiologist at the Mayo Clinic. “The less you sleep, the higher your blood pressure may go up. People who sleep six hours or less may have steeper increases in blood pressure.”

#4: Quit smoking and limit alcohol consumption

Smoking increases your risk for a heart attack or stroke. If you need help quitting, talk to your doctor about stop-smoking programs and medicines.

Capital Blue Cross, for example, offers free preventive services to help people kick tobacco products for good, from 180-day prescription services to smoking cessation counseling.

In addition to smoking, alcohol can raise blood pressure. Drink it in moderation, if at all.

#5: Establish consistent habits

Lifestyle changes can be difficult to maintain over time. Dr. Wigginton recommends checking your blood pressure at home once every month as a way to monitor your progress. At-home blood pressure monitors are available to purchase online.

“Seeing small improvements can help you keep going with lifestyle changes or help you know when it’s time to step up your game,” Dr. Wigginton said.

#6: Don’t go it alone

Change can be difficult. If you are a member and need extra support, the care management team at Capital Blue Cross can help.

Capital’s team of registered nurses and licensed social workers can help you create a personalized care plan that empowers you to manage your hypertension.

Learn more.

 

Sources:

Sustained high blood pressure may damage brain vessels | American Heart Association

High Blood Pressure Facts | High Blood Pressure | CDC

What is High Blood Pressure? | American Heart Association

American Heart Association: ML-025503.pdf

Relationship between Sleep and Hypertension: Findings from the NHANES (2007–2014) – PMC

Can a lack of sleep cause high blood pressure? – Mayo Clinic

Capital Blue Cross: Let’s quit smoking – together

Capital Blue Cross: Care Management